#### TL;DR This 1908 paper was published under the pen name "Stu...

This is the standard rule that Student is going to challenge. It tr...

The capital $S$ here means "add up over all the measurements in the...

A "moment coefficient" is simply an average of the deviations from ...

$\beta_1$ and $\beta_2$ (just above) are Karl Pearson's shape numbe...

This is a change-of-variables step. He has the distribution of the ...

In this section Gosset establishes that for normal data, how far a ...

Since the true spread is unknown Gosset measures the average's erro...

This is the distribution of $z$ that Gosset was after **today know...

This picture shows how widely the standard deviation measured from ...

**Using the ordinary bell curve on a small sample, you might believ...

Before solving the problem with pure mathematics Gosset checked it ...

These are the working tables — the practical payoff of all the theo...

This is the new method applied to a real experiment and the data be...

Someone with real expertise in the subject knows things the two dat...